Your SPECIAL attributes and skills are stored as actor values, and two console commands edit them: player.modav (adds to the current value) and player.forceav (sets an exact value).
Raise a SPECIAL stat
Open the console with ~ (how to open the console). To set Luck to 10:
The SPECIAL value names are: strength, perception, endurance, charisma, intelligence, agility and luck.
Raise a skill
To add 50 points to Lockpick:
Or set Guns to 100 outright:
All the value names
Every editable attribute, skill and derived stat (action points, carry weight, etc.) is on the character variables list with a description of what each one does. Use modav to nudge a value or forceav to pin it.
Tip: modav stacks
player.modav adds every time you run it, so running it twice doubles the bonus. If a stat ends up wrong, use player.forceav to set it back to an exact number.